Now that we have (a) computed period-end debt balances that account for scheduled amortization and optional prepayment, and (b) entered assumptions on rates in Step 6, we can calculate debt interest expense and preferred stock dividends. Note that our projected rates formulas cleverly accommodate both flat rates and spreads to LIBOR. We assume a fixed 2% yield on cash here (for lack of a more logical place to enter this assumption), but you might alternatively use a yield tied to a floating benchmark. Interest income from cash is small, relative to debt interest expense and preferred dividends, so this is a minor detail.